Standards and quantum computing

Quantum computing is quite different from classical computing. It is faster and has more memory, but it has its challenges. While classical computers process information in digital bits (0s and 1s), quantum computers deploy quantum bits (qubits) to store quantum information in values between 0 and 1. The ability to process and store information in qubits can be used to design algorithms that drastically outperform their classical counterparts. 

However, quantum computers require much care and can lose information more easily. Even if information loss can be avoided, it is difficult to translate it into classical information—which is necessary to yield a useful computation. 

Because of these differences, quantum computing needs specific standards that ensure the interoperability, security, and reliability of quantum computing systems. This year, the Joint Technical Committee  ISO/IEC JTC 3 Quantum technologies was created. As of today, only one standard has been published: ISO/IEC 4879:2024 which defines terms commonly used in the field of quantum computing. Another one, ISO/IEC AWI TR 18157 Information technology — Introduction to Quantum Computing, is under development.

At the European level, CEN and CENELEC have the Joint Technical Committee 22 CEN/CLC/JTC 22. The work of the joint TC builds upon two deliverables from the CEN and CENELEC Focus Group on Quantum Technologies (FGQT, 2020-2023) Standardization Roadmap on Quantum Technologies, and Quantum Technologies Use Cases. As of today, no standards have been published, but it is expected that the Joint TC will produce standards on quantum enabling technologies, quantum sub-systems, quantum platforms & systems, quantum composite systems and applications.

These standards and future standards are paramount to ensure that we can make the most out of quantum computing as it sets the basis for a common language and understanding of what quantum computing is. They will facilitate collaboration and innovation across the quantum computing ecosystem